Title :
Numerical optimization of the single fundamental mode output from a surface modified vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser
Author :
Vukusic, Josip A. ; Martinsson, Hans ; Gustavsson, Johan S. ; Larsson, Anders
Author_Institution :
Microtechnol. Center, Chalmers Univ. of Technol., Goteborg, Sweden
fDate :
1/1/2001 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
The effects of etching a shallow surface relief in the top mirror of an oxide confined vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser, for the purpose of selecting the fundamental mode, have been investigated by numerical simulations. A quasi-3-D model has been implemented which self-consistently accounts for optical, electrical, and thermal effects. The design has been optimized for maximum single fundamental mode output and the limiting mechanisms have been studied. The results are also compared with experimental values and the effects of limitations in fabrication precision are investigated
Keywords :
etching; laser modes; laser theory; optical fabrication; optimisation; semiconductor device models; semiconductor lasers; surface emitting lasers; thermo-optical effects; VCSEL optical effects; etching; fabrication precision; fundamental mode selection; limiting mechanisms; maximum single fundamental mode output; numerical optimization; oxide confined vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser; self-consistently; shallow surface relief; single fundamental mode output; surface modified vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser; thermal effects; top mirror; Apertures; Design optimization; Etching; Laser modes; Mirrors; Photonics; Power generation; Shape control; Surface emitting lasers; Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers;
Journal_Title :
Quantum Electronics, IEEE Journal of
