Title :
A Photovoltaic-Driven and Energy-Autonomous CMOS Implantable Sensor
Author :
Ayazian, S. ; Akhavan, V.A. ; Soenen, E. ; Hassibi, A.
Author_Institution :
Electr. & Comput. Eng. Dept., Univ. of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
Abstract :
An energy-autonomous, photovoltaic (PV)-driven and MRI-compatible CMOS implantable sensor is presented. On-chip P+/N-well diode arrays are used as CMOS-compatible PV cells to harvest μW´s of power from the light that penetrates into the tissue. In this 2.5 mm × 2.5 mm sub-μW integrated system, the in-vivo physiological signals are first measured by using a subthreshold ring oscillator-based sensor, the acquired data is then modulated into a frequency-shift keying (FSK) signal, and finally transmitted neuromorphically to the skin surface by using a pair of polarized electrodes.
Keywords :
CMOS integrated circuits; MOSFET; biomedical MRI; biomedical electrodes; biomedical electronics; frequency shift keying; photodiodes; prosthetics; skin; solar cells; CMOS-compatible photovoltaic cells; FSK signal; MRI-compatible CMOS implantable sensor; biological tissue; energy-autonomous photovoltaic-driven CMOS implantable sensor; frequency-shift keying signal; in-vivo physiological signals; integrated system; neuromorphic transmission; on-chip P+-N-well diode arrays; polarized electrodes; power harvesting; skin surface; subthreshold ring oscillator-based sensor; CMOS integrated circuits; Electrodes; Frequency measurement; Frequency shift keying; Oscillators; Photodiodes; CMOS; energy harvesting; implantable device; neuromorphic; photovoltaic cell; subthreshold; Biocompatible Materials; Biomedical Engineering; Computers; Electric Power Supplies; Electrodes; Electronics; Equipment Design; Humans; Light; Oscillometry; Prostheses and Implants; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; Skin; Solar Energy; Wireless Technology;
Journal_Title :
Biomedical Circuits and Systems, IEEE Transactions on
DOI :
10.1109/TBCAS.2011.2179030
