Simulation of stochastic GNSS-R waveforms based on a novel time-varying sea scattering model

We propose a new stochastic model governing bistatic returns from GNSS-R systems. The main mechanism exploited in the model is the scattering from specular points and the fluctuations of their number. The scattering inside a delay-Doppler cell is modelled as the sum of a random number of contribution from specular points that, when the number of such contribution is large, converges to a compound-Gaussian process. This process is simple to simulate and is able to model both the spatial and temporal dynamics of the sea surface. After simulation of the waveform received by the receiver, averaging over long time sequences produces results that fully resembles the theoretical results predicted by the Zavorotny and Voronovich model [1].