Ocean surface target detection and positioning using the spaceborne GNSS-R Delay-Doppler maps

A number of applications have been proposed by using the technique of global navigation satellite system reflectometry (GNSS-R) such as ice monitoring and sea surface wind retrieval. Using GNSS-R for target detection has also been raised for its advantages of all-weather capabilities, worldwide coverage and the ability of counter the attack of anti-radiation missiles (ARM). In this work, ocean surface target detection and positioning by this technique is discussed. The analysis mainly focuses on two aspects: 1) the detecting principle and the ability of this approach, and 2) the target positioning method based on the corresponding relation between Delay-Doppler points and the spatial points of the observing area. The positioning ambiguity is also taken into account. The performance of the proposed detection and positioning methods are evaluated by some simulations in a realistic scenario.