Faults in three-phase systems

APAPER published in the April 1940 issue of the Bell System Technical Journal, pages 290–305, presents “A Solution for Faults at Two Locations in Three Phase Power Systems” and is an outgrowth of studies of double faults to ground in three-phase power systems made by the author, E. F. Vaage (M´39), of the Bell Telephone Laboratories, in connection with work of the Joint Subcommittee on Development and Research, Edison Electric Institute and Bell Telephone System. The paper provides a systematic solution, based upon the method of symmetrical components, by means of which currents and voltages can be determined at times of fault involving any combination of phases at one or two locations on threephase power systems in which generators may be assumed to be in phase and of the same internal voltage, and where load currents may be neglected.