• DocumentCode
    1441411
  • Title

    The history of Fortran I, II, and III

  • Author

    Backus, John

  • Author_Institution
    91 St. Germain Ave., San Francisco, CA, USA
  • Volume
    20
  • Issue
    4
  • fYear
    1998
  • Firstpage
    68
  • Lastpage
    78
  • Abstract
    The article discusses attitudes about “automatic programming”, the economics of programming, and existing programming systems, all in the early 1950s. It describes the formation of the Fortran group, its knowledge of existing systems, its plans for Fortran, and the development of the language in 1954. It describes the development of the optimizing compiler for Fortran I, of various language manuals, and of Fortran II and III. It concludes with remarks about later developments and the impact of Fortran and its successors on programming today
  • Keywords
    FORTRAN; automatic programming; history; optimising compilers; Fortran I; Fortran II; Fortran III; Fortran group; automatic programming; history; language manuals; optimizing compiler; programming economics; programming systems; Automatic programming; Decision support systems; Environmental economics; History; Optimizing compilers;
  • fLanguage
    English
  • Journal_Title
    Annals of the History of Computing, IEEE
  • Publisher
    ieee
  • ISSN
    1058-6180
  • Type

    jour

  • DOI
    10.1109/85.728232
  • Filename
    728232