Observation of scattering and absorption centers in lead fluoride crystals

Author

Achenbach, Patrick

Author_Institution

Inst. fur Kernphys., Johannes Gutenberg Univ., Mainz, Germany

Volume

48

Issue

1

fYear

2001

fDate

2/1/2001 12:00:00 AM

Firstpage

144

Lastpage

149

Abstract

For the first time, lead fluoride is used as a fast and compact material in electromagnetic calorimetry. Excellent optical and mechanical properties of the pure Cherenkov crystals are necessary for the A4 Collaboration to perform a measurement of the nucleon´s strange form factors. Visible scattering and absorption centers as well as surface damages have been investigated to characterize the quality of more than one thousand crystals. Besides, transmittance measurements have been performed on all crystals to reveal absorption bands produced by intrinsic or impurity related point-structure defects. As a consequence, 89 crystals had to be replaced by the Chinese manufacturer SICCAS

Keywords

Cherenkov counters; impurity-defect interactions; lead compounds; particle calorimetry; Cherenkov crystals; PbF₂; absorption centers; crystals; electromagnetic calorimetry; impurity related point-structure defects; scattering centers; surface damages; transmittance measurements; Calorimetry; Collaboration; Crystalline materials; Crystals; Electromagnetic scattering; Electromagnetic wave absorption; Mechanical factors; Optical materials; Optical scattering; Performance evaluation;

fLanguage

English

Journal_Title

Nuclear Science, IEEE Transactions on

Publisher

ieee

ISSN

0018-9499

Type

jour

DOI

10.1109/23.907578

Filename

907578