Direct time-domain analysis of transmission lines above a lossy ground

Simulation models for the direct time-domain analysis of transients in lossy multiconductor lines are presented. An efficient analysis method is described which is used for analysing transients when nonlinear phenomena occur, when nonuniform lines are considered or in dealing with problems exhibiting very different time constants. Transient per unit length (p.u.l.) parameters associated with the presence of a lossy ground are proposed in a wide time interval. Results are presented and validated by comparisons with available codes