The effect of amplifier gain-bandwidth product on the performance of active filters

An expression for the sensitivity of a general second-order RC-active filter section to the finite gain-bandwidth product of the active elements (assumed to be first-order operational amplifiers) is derived and used to classify a number of well known active filter configurations according to the values of certain parameters of the general section. The circuits with a good high-frequency performance are found to have a high sensitivity to the values of passive components.