Design of active distributed RC-filters using exponential lines

New active distributed RC-structures utilizing exponential RC-lines and operational amplifiers are proposed for realizing band-pass transfer functions and transfer functions having both a pair of complex poles and a pair of complex zeros. It is shown that the magnitude of the amplifier gain for a given pole Q decreases with increasing taper. In the case of the structures realizing both complex poles and zeros, it is shown that the sensitivity with respect to the gain of the pole determining amplifier is considerably lower than that of the structure previously proposed by Ghausi and Bello.