Title :
1.58-μm band gain-flattened erbium-doped fiber amplifiers for WDM transmission systems
Author :
Ono, Hirotaka ; Yamada, Makoto ; Kanamori, Terutoshi ; Sudo, Shoichi ; Ohishi, Yasutake
Author_Institution :
NTT Opto-Electron. Labs., Ibaraki, Japan
fDate :
3/1/1999 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
This paper describes the amplification characteristics of gain-flattened Er3+-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) by using 0.98-μm and 1.48-μm band pumping for a 1.58-μm band WDM signal. Silica-based Er3+-doped fiber (S-EDF) and fluoride-based Er 3+-doped fiber (F-EDF) have gain-flattened wavelength ranges from 1570 to 1600 nm and from 1565 to 1600 nm, respectively, and exhibit uniform gain characteristics with gain excursions of 0.7 and 1.0 dB, and the figure of merit of the gain flatness (gain excursion/average signal gain) of 3 and 4.3%, respectively, for an eight-channel signal in the 1.58-μm band. We show that 1.48-μm band pumping has a better quantum conversion efficiency and gain coefficient, and that 0.98-μm band pumping is effective for improving the noise characteristics. We also show that the EDFAs consisting of two cascaded amplification units pumped in the 0.98-μm and 1.48-μm bands are effective in constructing low-noise and high-gain 1.58-μm band amplifiers
Keywords :
erbium; infrared sources; laser noise; laser transitions; optical communication equipment; optical fibre amplifiers; optical fibre communication; optical pumping; wavelength division multiplexing; 0.98 mum; 1.48 mum; 1.58 mum; 1.58-μm band gain-flattened erbium-doped fiber amplifiers; 1565 to 1600 nm; 1570 to 1600 nm; Er3+-doped fiber amplifiers; WDM transmission systems; amplification characteristics; average signal gain; cascaded amplification units; eight-channel signal; figure of merit; fluoride-based Er3+-doped fiber; gain coefficient; gain excursion; gain excursions; gain flatness; gain-flattened wavelength ranges; noise characteristics; quantum conversion efficiency; silica-based Er3+-doped fiber; uniform gain characteristics; Broadband amplifiers; Erbium-doped fiber amplifier; Glass; Optical amplifiers; Optical fiber amplifiers; Optical fiber devices; Optical fibers; Optical materials; Optical noise; Wavelength division multiplexing;
Journal_Title :
Lightwave Technology, Journal of
