High-input low-output impedance all-pass filters using one active element

This study presents four new voltage mode first-order all-pass filters using a newly developed single Dual-X current conveyor with buffered output. The proposed circuits possess high-input impedance, low-output impedance and require either two or three passive elements. An application of new circuits is also given in realising the quadrature oscillator. Non-ideal and sensitivity analysis is also performed. The circuit performances are depicted through PSPICE simulations, which show good agreement to theoretical anticipations. Possible realisation using AD-844 along with some experimental results are also given for completeness sake. The new circuits are expected to enhance the already-existing knowledge on the subject.