Optical Modes in a Rectangular VCSEL Resonator With Properties of Both Gaussian and Fourier Modes

Author

Gronenborn, Stephan ; Schwarz, Thomas ; Pekarski, Pavel ; Miller, Michael ; Mönch, Holger ; Loosen, Peter

Author_Institution

Philips Res. Labs., Aachen, Germany

Volume

48

Issue

8

fYear

2012

Firstpage

1040

Lastpage

1044

Abstract

We present the optical modes of a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser resonator with a large Fresnel number in one direction, and a small Fresnel number in the other direction. The modes show properties of both the well-known Gaussian modes in lasers with a small Fresnel number and the modes of the Fourier type, which have been observed in lasers with a large Fresnel number. Also simultaneous oscillation of two modes near threshold and a higher-order mode in the direction of the small Fresnel number is observed experimentally.

Keywords

laser cavity resonators; laser modes; quantum well lasers; surface emitting lasers; Fourier modes; Fourier type modes; Fresnel number; Gaussian modes; higher-order mode; mode oscillation; near threshold mode; optical modes; rectangular VCSEL resonator; vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser resonator; Apertures; Cavity resonators; Laser modes; Optical diffraction; Optical resonators; Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers; Laser modes; semiconductor lasers; vertical cavity surface emitting lasers;

fLanguage

English

Journal_Title

Quantum Electronics, IEEE Journal of

Publisher

ieee

ISSN

0018-9197

Type

jour

DOI

10.1109/JQE.2012.2193386

Filename

6178002