Design of Adaptive Autoreclosure Schemes for 132 kV Network With High Penetration of Wind—Part I: Real-Time Modeling

This paper is the first of a series of publications detailing the development of an AI-based adaptive autoreclosing (AA) algorithm. In part 1, a detailed model of the Scottish 132 kV network has been constructed on a real-time digital simulator. The system model is discussed, including the network topology, line and source modeling, and the doubly fed induction generator-based wind farm model. An initial investigation on the penetration of harmonics from local wind farms is conducted using short circuit faults on two transmission lines in the network. This is necessary to ascertain to what extent wind farms may interfere with the AA scheme. Along with validating the model, the results suggest that penetration of harmonics is only significant on lines adjacent to the wind farms.