Title :
Analysis of the rutile-ring method of frequency-temperature compensating a high-Q whispering gallery sapphire resonator
Author :
Tobar, Michael E. ; Hartnett, John G. ; Duchiron, Guillaume ; Cros, Dominique ; Ivanov, Eugene N. ; Blondy, Pierre ; Guillon, Pierre
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Phys., Western Australia Univ., Nedlands, WA, Australia
fDate :
5/1/2001 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
The rutile-ring method of dielectrically frequency-temperature compensating a high-Q whispering gallery (WG) sapphire resonator is presented. Two and three-dimensional finite element (FE) analysis has been implemented to design and analyze the performance of such resonators, with excellent agreement between theory and experiment. A high-Q factor of 30 million at 13 GHz, and compensation temperature of 56 K was obtained. It is shown the frequency-temperature compensation can occur either because the rutile adds a small perturbation to the sapphire resonator or because of a mode interaction with a resonant mode in the rutile. The characteristics of both of these methods are described, and it is shown that for high frequency stability, it is best to compensate perturbatively.
Keywords :
compensation; dielectric resonator oscillators; finite element analysis; frequency stability; microwave oscillators; sapphire; 13 GHz; 56 K; Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/-TiO/sub 2/; annulment temperatures; compensation temperature; dielectric loss; frequency-temperature compensation; high frequency stability; high-Q resonator; mode interaction; perturbative compensation; resonant mode; rutile-ring method; small perturbation; three-dimensional FEA; two-dimensional FEA; whispering gallery sapphire resonator; Dielectrics; Fluctuations; Interference; Paramagnetic materials; Performance analysis; Permittivity; Q factor; Resonance; Resonant frequency; Temperature dependence;
Journal_Title :
Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, IEEE Transactions on
