Conjugate Gradient Parametric Detection of Multichannel Signals

The parametric adaptive matched filter (PAMF) detector for space-time adaptive processing (STAP) detection is reexamined in this paper. Originally, the PAMF detector was introduced by using a multichannel autoregressive (AR) parametric model for the disturbance signal in STAP detection. While the parametric approach brings in benefits such as reduced training and computational requirements as compared with fully adaptive STAP detectors, the PAMF detector as a reduced-dimensional solution remains unclear. This paper employs the conjugate-gradient (CG) algorithm to solve the linear prediction problem arising in the PAMF detector. It is shown that CG yields not only a new computationally efficient implementation of the PAMF detector, a new and efficient AR model order selection method that can naturally be integrated with CG iterations, but it also offers new perspectives of PAMF as a reduced-rank subspace detector. We first consider the integration of the CG algorithm with the matched filter (MF) and parametric matched filter (PMF) when the covariance matrix of the disturbance signal is known. It is then extended to the adaptive case where the covariance matrix is estimated from training data. Important issues such as computational complexity and convergence rate are discussed. Performance of the proposed CG-PAMF detector is examined by using the KASSPER and other computer generated data.