Oxygen Deficiency and Room Temperature Ferromagnetism in Undoped and Cobalt-Doped $\hbox {TiO}_{bm 2}$ Nanoparticles

The compositional analysis done on the synthesized undoped and cobalt (Co)-doped titanium dioxide ( TiO₂) nanoparticles by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis suggests oxygen deficiency in undoped and Co-doped TiO₂ samples. Magnetic investigations by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) indicate that undoped TiO₂ nanoparticles possess ferromagnetic ordering at room temperature due to the oxygen deficiency and in Co-doped TiO₂, the enhancement in magnetic moment is due to Co doping.