EM/Circuit Mixed Simulation Technique for an Active Antenna

Today´s increase of functions, improvement of performance, and cost reductions required on an active electronically scanned array (AESA), associated to the limited amount of available areas and volumes to implement the equipment, drive an approach leading to directly connect power amplifiers (PAs) to the antennas array without placing an isolator/circulator between them. In this letter, an electromagnetic/radio frequency (EM/RF) circuit mixed simulation technique will be theoretically introduced and experimentally demonstrated on transmission (Tx) chains to deal with the proposed challenge.