Title :
Effects of Carrier Frequency, Antenna Height and Season on Broadband Wireless Access in Rural Areas
Author :
Chee, Kin Lien ; Anggraini, Anggia ; Kürner, Thomas
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Mobile Radio Syst., Tech. Univ. Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
fDate :
7/1/2012 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
The effects of carrier frequency, antenna height and season on a broadband wireless access (BWA) system deployed in a rural area at 825 MHz and 3535 MHz are studied in this paper. With the aid of digital terrain information, both large scale and small scale fading effects present in the rural channel are discussed. Our investigation found that the frequency dependence of a wireless channel varies strongly with the environment. Also, the effects of the antenna height in rural areas of irregular terrains vary with the available clearance above the clutters in the regions. This paper uses extensive measurement campaigns to quantify these effects in winter and spring using a BWA system (IEEE 802.16e) deployed in Hetzwege/Abbendorf, Germany. In the study of small scale fading, the variations of the fading distributions of the wireless channel due to season changes are derived and the corresponding multipath propagations are discussed in this paper.
Keywords :
UHF radio propagation; WiMax; antennas; broadband networks; fading channels; microwave propagation; multipath channels; radio access networks; IEEE 802.16e; antenna height; broadband wireless access; carrier frequency; digital terrain information; extensive measurement campaigns; fading effects; frequency 3535 MHz; frequency 825 MHz; frequency dependence; multipath propagation; rural areas; rural channel; Antenna measurements; Diffraction; Fading; Predictive models; Propagation losses; Springs; Vegetation; Broadband wireless access; digital terrain information; large-scale fading; radio propagation; rural areas; small-scale fading;
Journal_Title :
Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on
DOI :
10.1109/TAP.2012.2196908
