Design of consequent pole, toroidal winding, outer rotor vernier permanent magnet machines

Vernier permanent magnet (VPM) machines are attracting more and more attentions for several advantages, such as high torque density, ultra low pulsation torque and so on. This paper proposes a consequent-pole, toroidal-winding, outer-rotor VPM machine, which owns much less magnet usage and shorter end-winding length than that of the regular VPM machine. It is also proved that this machine exhibits ~20% higher back-EMF and electromagnetic torque than that of regular VPM machines while its magnet usage is halved. In this paper, the influence of design parameters, such as pole arc, slot opening, magnet thickness etc., on the electromagnetic performance is analyzed based on the finite element analysis (FEA), and experimentally validated by a prototype machine.