Techniques for tuning excitation system parameters

The basic small signal-characteristics that are typical for most modern excitation systems are examined. A common-sense approach to model tuning is suggested. The procedure is based on emulation of the open-circuit step response test, a standard control-tuning practice for several decades. Where simulations with excitation system and generator model data result in unacceptable responses, guidelines are provided for tuning models until well-behaved, realistic responses are achieved. Frequency-response techniques are used. Two basic types of models are analyzed, and the means of reducing most models to these are shown. An application example is given