A risk/action model for the differentiations of R and D profiles

It is argued that the differences between R and D must be understood, else difficulties of major consequence may arise. Of the many identifiable differences, it is those comprising the personal value systems which in the long run govern conduct of the various technical groups comprising R&D. And, of these, it is the manner in which risk is accepted that provides the essential delineator of R&D. A simple model is presented in which conjugate definitions of risk and the level of action required, on a project-by-project basis, serve to differentiate research and development profiles. The model is intended to provide R&D managers with a simple graphical tool to make visible to management and staff alike, the probabilistic nature and relative efforts required for a program involving both R and D projects.