Power transformers-the second century

The author traces the progress of power transformer technology during its first century and looks at how such technology might develop in its second century. High reliability in service is a major requirement for power transformer design. New failure mechanisms have been identified that include part-winding resonance, fast-front transients, geomagnetic disturbances and static electrification. These new phenomena must be understood and design philosophies developed to encompass the potential problems. Progress in the second century is science based with the application of rigorous design control procedures to ensure that every innovative change is correctly reviewed to establish the pedigree of the change and foresee all possible ramifications of the change on the transformer in test or in service