Generalized State Estimation and observability analysis in systems modeled at bus-section level

State Estimation is an important tool which provides the most probable states (voltage phasors) of the entire system, based on a set of measurements. The conventional approach disregards switches and breakers representation inside the substations. On the other hand, the Generalized State Estimation provides the states regarding these equipments, raising the problem complexity. This paper recalls the generalized approach considering the non-linear model. The methodology used to turn the conventional state estimator into the generalized one is presented and also a complementary strategy to perform generalized observability analysis. Results show the algorithm efficacy through tests performed on two IEEE test systems.