Potentiometric Multisensor Based on Ruthenium Dioxide Thin Film With a Bluetooth Wireless and Web-Based Remote Measurement System

This study reports the preparation and analysis of a potentiometric multisensor for detecting pH, uric acid, and glucose levels. The pH sensor was based on a ruthenium dioxide (RuO₂) sensing membrane. The potentiometric uric acid and glucose biosensors consisted of immobilized uricase and glucose oxidase (GOD) enzymes on the RuO₂ sensing membrane. The ruthenium dioxide sensing membrane was first deposited on silicon and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates using a sputtering system. A graphical measurement interface for the multisensor was also designed using National Instrument LabVIEW software. The potentiometric uric acid biosensor based on a ruthenium dioxide membrane on PET and silicon substrates can be determined in the linear ranges from 2 to 8 mg/dl with a 0.995 and 0.998 linear regression, respectively. In addition, the potentiometric glucose biosensor based on a ruthenium dioxide thin film on PET and silicon substrates shows that the measurement ranges from 40 to 360 mg/dl at sensitivities of 0.348 and 0.468 mV(mg/dl)^-1, respectively. This study also investigates wireless monitoring (Bluetooth) and remote monitoring (Web-based) of the multisensor´s measurement system and integrates the utility of the developed sensors for homecare or healthcare in the future.