Design of miniaturized and biocompatible antenna for continuous health monitoring

In this paper, the combination of Hilbert fractal geometry and the serpentine shape based microstrip implant antenna design for health monitoring is presented. This structure is implemented on an empty triangle. First, three copies of the first Hilbert fractal geometry is applied on the top edge of the triangle. Then, a serpentine shape is applied to the main body of the triangle in order to increase the electrical length. The proposed antenna is miniaturized 10 × 8.4 × 2.6 mm³ (width × height × thickness mm³) and operates in the MICS band (402-405 MHz). Superstrate is applied on top of the antenna to avoid a direct contact with the metallization and achieve biocompatibility. Implant antenna is simulated in three layer tissue (skin, fat and muscle) model. Simulation results show that the presented antenna has a reflection coefficient characteristic <; -19 dB, 80% radiation efficiency and omnidirectional radiation pattern properties over the MICS bandwidth.