Novel scheme for drawing electric lines of force using scalar potential

The electric lines of force are trajectories comprising the tangents of the lines of forces that act on the electric charge in the electric field. In the complicated system of the multi-dielectric and multi-conductor media, the lines of force are not necessarily continuous on the interface of the dielectric media. In the engineering application, the visualization of the electric fields is quite essential. It has been strongly believed that the electric lines of force can relatively easily be plotted using numerical analysis. However it is practically difficult to draw the electric lines of force proportional to the intensity of electric field using a scalar potential with the 2-D finite element method. The paper proposes the novel scheme of drawing the electric lines of force based on the electric displacement using the scalar potential and illustrates the distribution of electric field of the capacitor with a long distance as an example