An Explicit Solution for Target Localization in Noncoherent Distributed MIMO Radar Systems

This work focuses on the moving target localization problem in the noncoherent multiple-input multiple-output radar system with widely separated antennas. We assume that the time delay and Doppler shift between each transmit/receive element pair have already been measured by a preprocessing algorithm. Utilizing these measurements, an explicit method for jointly estimating the target position and velocity is proposed. It first divides the measurements into several groups based on the different transmitter elements or receive elements, and then employs two best linear unbiased estimators successively for each group to independently produce an estimate of target position and velocity. Finally, these results from different groups are combined to form a composite estimate. Simulation results show that the estimated accuracy of the proposed method achieves the Cramér-Rao lower bound at sufficiently small noise conditions.