Phase reversal electrode optimisation in broadband electro-optic modulators by genetic algorithm

Phase reversal electrode optimisation by using a genetic algorithm for obtaining wide, flat frequency response in broadband electro-optic phase modulators is demonstrated. The genetic algorithm utilises a novel coding, crossover and mutation method directly based on electrode figures. The simulated calculations show that this method provides a rather flat frequency response of >100 GHz with an electrode length of 1 cm.