Design and analysis of single-mode oxidized VCSELs for high-speed optical interconnects

Author

Wiedenmann, Dieter ; King, Roger ; Jung, Christian ; Jäger, Roland ; Michalzik, Rainer ; Schnitzer, Peter ; Kicherer, Max ; Ebeling, Karl J.

Author_Institution

dept. of Optoelectron., Ulm Univ., Germany

Volume

5

Issue

3

fYear

1999

Firstpage

503

Lastpage

511

Abstract

Oxide-confined vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser diodes (VCSELs) are fabricated for applications in high-performance optical interconnects. Both 980-nm as well as 850-nm wavelength devices in one- and two-dimensional arrays are investigated. Noise properties of single- and multimode devices under different operation conditions are relative intensity noise of single-mode devices can be as low as -150 dB/Hz at output powers of about 1 mW and feedback levels up to -30 dB. Data rates up to 12.5 Gb/s with bit error rates below 10^-11 are achieved with VCSELs showing stable single-mode emission at large-signal modulation, combined with modulation bandwidths exceeding 10 GHz. Arrays with 4×8 elements flip-chip mounted on Si CMOS driver chips ready for use in parallel data transmission systems are presented

Keywords

data communication; electro-optical modulation; flip-chip devices; laser modes; laser noise; laser stability; optical design techniques; optical fabrication; optical interconnections; semiconductor laser arrays; surface emitting lasers; 1 mW; 10 GHz; 12.5 Gbit/s; 850 nm; 980 nm; Si CMOS driver chips; feedback levels; high-performance optical interconnects; high-speed optical interconnects; large-signal modulation; modulation bandwidths; multimode devices; operation conditions; output powers; oxide-confined vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser diodes; parallel data transmission systems; relative intensity noise; single mode devices; single-mode oxidized VCSEL; stable single-mode emission; Bandwidth; Bit error rate; Diode lasers; Noise level; Optical interconnections; Optical noise; Optical surface waves; Output feedback; Power generation; Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers;

fLanguage

English

Journal_Title

Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, IEEE Journal of

Publisher

ieee

ISSN

1077-260X

Type

jour

DOI

10.1109/2944.788412

Filename

788412