Theory and Experiment of the Hollow Rectangular Dielectric Resonator Antenna

For the first time, the dielectric waveguide model (DWM) is used to calculate the resonance frequency of the hollow rectangular dielectric resonator antenna (DRA). In the analysis, the transverse transmission line technique is used along with the effective dielectric constant method to obtain characteristic equations of the hollow DRA. Good agreement between the calculation, measurement, and HFSS simulation is observed. The theory was used to facilitate the design of a strip-fed circularly polarized (CP) hollow DRA. It provides a wide 3-dB axial-ratio bandwidth of 12.4%, which is ~ 3 times of that of the solid CP DRA.