Circularly symmetric watermark embedding in 2-D DFT domain

Author

Solachidis, Vassilios ; Pitas, Ioannis

Author_Institution

Dept. of Informatics, Thessaloniki Univ., Greece

Volume

10

Issue

11

fYear

2001

fDate

11/1/2001 12:00:00 AM

Firstpage

1741

Lastpage

1753

Abstract

In this paper, a method for digital image watermarking is described that is resistant to geometric transformations. A private key, which allows a very large number of watermarks, determines the watermark, which is embedded on a ring in the DFT domain. The watermark possesses circular symmetry. Correlation is used for watermark detection. The original image is not required in detection. The proposed method is resistant to JPEG compression, filtering, noise addition, scaling, translation, cropping, rotation, printing and rescanning. Experimental results prove the robustness of this method against the aforementioned attacks

Keywords

copy protection; data encapsulation; discrete Fourier transforms; image coding; transform coding; 2D DFT domain; JPEG compression; attacks; circularly symmetric watermark embedding; correlation; cropping; digital image watermarking; filtering; geometric transformations; noise addition; printing; private key; rescanning; robustness; rotation; scaling; translation; watermark detection; Copyright protection; Digital images; Discrete Fourier transforms; Discrete cosine transforms; Fourier transforms; Frequency domain analysis; Image processing; Immune system; Robustness; Watermarking;

fLanguage

English

Journal_Title

Image Processing, IEEE Transactions on

Publisher

ieee

ISSN

1057-7149

Type

jour

DOI

10.1109/83.967401

Filename

967401