Title :
A Joint Encryption/Watermarking System for Verifying the Reliability of Medical Images
Author :
Bouslimi, D. ; Coatrieux, G. ; Cozic, M. ; Roux, C.
Author_Institution :
Inst. Mines-Telecom, Telecom Bretagne, Brest, France
Abstract :
In this paper, we propose a joint encryption/water-marking system for the purpose of protecting medical images. This system is based on an approach which combines a substitutive watermarking algorithm, the quantization index modulation, with an encryption algorithm: a stream cipher algorithm (e.g., the RC4) or a block cipher algorithm (e.g., the AES in cipher block chaining (CBC) mode of operation). Our objective is to give access to the outcomes of the image integrity and of its origin even though the image is stored encrypted. If watermarking and encryption are conducted jointly at the protection stage, watermark extraction and decryption can be applied independently. The security analysis of our scheme and experimental results achieved on 8-bit depth ultrasound images as well as on 16-bit encoded positron emission tomography images demonstrate the capability of our system to securely make available security attributes in both spatial and encrypted domains while minimizing image distortion. Furthermore, by making use of the AES block cipher in CBC mode, the proposed system is compliant with or transparent to the DICOM standard.
Keywords :
biomedical ultrasonics; cryptography; image watermarking; medical image processing; positron emission tomography; AES block cipher algorithm; CBC operation mode; DICOM standard; RC4 stream cipher algorithm; cipher block chaining; encryption algorithm; image integrity; joint encryption-watermarking system; medical image protection; medical image reliability verification; positron emission tomography images; quantization index modulation; security analysis; substitutive watermarking algorithm; ultrasound images; watermark decryption; watermark extraction; Biomedical imaging; Encryption; Joints; Reliability; Watermarking; Block cipher; encryption; medical image security; quantization index modulation (QIM); stream cipher; watermarking; Algorithms; Computer Security; Databases, Factual; Diagnostic Imaging; Electronic Health Records; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Reproducibility of Results;
Journal_Title :
Information Technology in Biomedicine, IEEE Transactions on
DOI :
10.1109/TITB.2012.2207730