Near field three dimensional time delay and Doppler target motion analysis

The problem of delay-differences and delay-rate-differences target motion analysis (DDRD TMA) is considered in the near-field and three-dimensional context. An accurate delay-differences model is derived and compared with the conventional range-differences model. The performances of DD TMA and DDRD TMA are studied and compared with respect to the Cramer-Rao lower bound. The maximum-likelihood estimator for location and velocity is obtained in Gaussian additive noise, leading to Newton-like algorithms (batch process). An extended spherical interpolation TMA algorithm is derived in order to perform approximate DD TMA