Shadowing algorithms in estimating ground scatter interference

In estimation of ground scatter interference in radio wave propagation, the concept of shadowing is used to decide whether a particular area contributes to interference. Shadowing of a particular area is determined by both shadowing caused by orientation, called microshadowing, with respect to the transmitter and receiver, and shadowing caused by intervening terrain and obstacles, called macroshadowing. The authors consider several algorithms for both microshadowing and macroshadowing. They also discuss different models of mapping that are used for shadowing: the universal transverse Mercator system using the Defense Mapping Agency elevation model, and the more accurate digital elevation model