Keep on running: predicting battery performance by cell approach

It is necessary to monitor valve-regulated lead-acid batteries at an individual cell/bloc level to ensure that their state of charge and state of health are fully understood. Monitoring systems must be designed carefully, to ensure there is no risk to personnel or property. Mathematical modeling of battery discharge data can reduce the extent and duration of a battery discharge test, while increasing the information produced. It reduces or even eliminates the need for independent load-banks by making possible accurate predictions of battery performance based on limited tests through the connected system load. It also makes possible accurate real-time predictions of battery performance during a discharge, yielding such dynamic information as time-to-run at present discharge rate