GPR implications of miniaturized antenna developments

Recent advance in low-loss, high dielectric ceramic has triggered developments of miniature antennas. Utilizing such material on antenna could greatly reduce the antenna size. A compact antenna size could make GPR survey easier and allow for array configuration. In this paper, we will present examples of narrowband and broadband miniature antennas and address the major design considerations that must be taken as the presence of high-dielectric material significantly reduces antenna impedance and may excite leaky waves. We will analyze possible benefits of these new designs in GPR.