EV stochastic modelling and its impacts on the Dutch distribution network

This paper presents the impact of increasing penetration of electric vehicle (EV) on distribution networks using a stochastic modelling approach based on Monte Carlo simulations. The proposed method aims to derive the stochastic characteristics of EVs with detailed transportation data together with geographic information, and vehicle properties, thus formulating suitable charging patterns. Output of the model is then coupled with different network scenarios of the existing planning tool to evaluate impacts of uncontrolled and controlled EV charging by running load flow analyses for hundreds of times. A case study for a typical Dutch distribution network is conducted for scenarios of the years 2015, 2020, 2025 and 2030. Simulation results show that the approach reflects accurately effects of controlled/smart charging to reduce the number of overloaded MV/LV transformers as well as the average power losses in developed scenarios.