Thermal runaway-a system solution for a system problem

Thermal runaway is a potentially destructive failure mechanism known to exist in virtually all lead/acid batteries. It is more likely to occur in valve-regulated (also called sealed or maintenance free) batteries, because the power density tends to be much higher, and the cooling poor. Specific problems encountered in the region of eastern Pennsylvania are described and before- and after-market solutions are discussed, including systematic solutions for the problem