Digital watermarking using shuffling

This paper applies shuffling to digital watermarking and data hiding. The data embedding capacity in the multimedia source generally varies significantly from one part of the source to another. Sequential embedding is very sensitive to noise which may cause synchronization problem; the common but conservative solution via partitioning an image into large segments and embedding only one bit per segment is wasteful of the data embedding capacity. This paper shows how random shuffling can be used to equalize the uneven distribution of embedding capacity. The effectiveness of random shuffling is demonstrated by analysis and experiments