Single shot measurements of the E-field vector with pigtailed optical probes

Summary form only given. Over the variety of available sensors dedicated to electric (E)-field characterization, the use of antennas constitutes the most widespread technique. While such probes are convenient and provide a good sensitivity, they remain invasive and bandwidth limited. At the opposite, fibered electro-optic transducers¹ are fully dielectric, millimeter sized and allow to perform measurements of the E-field vector from DC to several gigahertz and even up to terahertz frequencies using equivalent-time sampling. Furthermore, recent developments lead to a simultaneous characterization of 2 transverse E-field vector components with a single EO probe². Based on polarization state modulation, the EO transducer is linked to a remote (up to 30 meters) optoelectronic set-up including a ultra low noise laser feeding the probe and a real time optical set-up to manage the modulation treatment. The automated and servo controlled measurement bench is temperature dependent free. The available measurement dynamics exceeds 100 dB, ranging from less than 1 V. m^-1. Hz^-1/2 up to the breakdown electric field in air.An exhaustive comparison between BO sensors and other technologies will be firstly given during the conference. This analysis will be based on intrinsic sensor properties, such as sensitivity, frequency bandwidth, vectorial selectivity, spatial resolution and induced perturbation on the field to be measured. After recalling the principles of the BO effect, the optical arrangement of the optical probes will be described. The characterization of the BO system will be presented together with experimental results illustrating the potentialities of BO sensors. Among these examples, measurements of pulsed B-field in air (pulsed power), water (specific absorption rate evaluation in pulsed regime) or in plasma (real time evolution of the electrical discharge associated B-field) will be shown.