Impacts of grounding configurations on responses of ground protective relays for DFIG-based WECSs

One of the requirements for safe, stable, sustainable, and profitable operation of doubly-fed induction generators (DFIGs)-based wind energy conversion systems (WECSs) is the accurate and reliable protection against electrical faults, in particular ground faults. The performance of protective devices employed to achieve this requirement is highly dependent on the grounding configuration of the DFIG-based WECS. This paper investigates impacts of the grounding configuration on the performance of protective devices used to protect DFIGs-based WECSs from electrical ground faults. Investigated grounding configurations include solid-grounding, low-resistance grounding, high-resistance grounding, and no-grounding. The impacts of the grounding configurations on protective devices are observed through their ability to identify faults, as well as their speed to respond to identified faults. Simulation and experimental results reveal that adequately designed low-resistance grounding offers the minimum impacts on protective devices used for ground protection of DFIG-based WECSs.