Studies on the holographic antenna: Theories and experiments

Based on the principles of constructing holographic antenna, the interference of the radiation fields of source antenna and the ideal plane wave is analyzed. Consequently, the positions of the holographic structure are determined. Furthermore the expressions of the positions of the holographic structure are achieved by simplifying the calculation of the minima of the interference fields. As examples, one-dimensional, two-dimensional and quasi three-dimensional holographic antennas, which are composed of the dipole and the holographic structure, are simulated and measured. The results reveal that the radiation characteristics of conventional antennas can be significantly improved by holographic structure.