Improvement of electrodeposition on flexible substrates for CuInSe2 solar cells

CuInSe₂ solar cells were fabricated with an Al₂O₃ insulation layer with various thicknesses sputtered onto a 100-μm-thick flexible stainless steel substrate. Secondary ion mass spectrometry was used to confirm that Fe and Cr from substrate did not contaminate the absorber layer. Al₂O₃ insulation layer was measured the roughness and resistance, respectively, of the Mo back contact sputtered on the substrate.