Optimum operation scheduling model of domestic electric appliances for balancing power supply and demand

High penetration of variable renewable generations such as Photovoltaic (PV) systems will cause the issue of supply-demand imbalance in a whole power system. Activation of residential power usage, storage and generation by sophisticated scheduling and control using the Home Energy Management System (HEMS) will be needed to balance power supply and demand in the near future. In order to evaluate the applicability of the HEMS as a distributed controller for local and system-wide supply and demand balances, we developed an optimum operation scheduling model of domestic electric appliances using mixed integer linear programming. Applying this model to one house with dynamic electricity prices reflecting the power balance of the total power system, it was found that the adequate changes in electricity prices bring about the shift of residential power usages to control the amount of the reverse power flow due to excess PV generation.