Synergy between electrified vehicle and community energy storage batteries and markets: Super session 4. Energy storage

Advanced battery (Lithium ion) costs - for stationary or mobile applications - remain high and current approaches to optimizing cost and life of those batteries have been hampered by a lack of robust data, models, and standards for high-accuracy battery aging prognostics. It takes 60-90 channels of expensive battery test equipment and 18-24 months to perform a full validation of one cell chemistry from one supplier. Many OEMs have multiple validation programs underway (hybrid, PHEV, BEV programs) and each program usually has one or more potential suppliers. In addition, internal R&D and advanced engineering organization may also be concurrently evaluating multiple cell chemistries for future potential R&D programs. New cell chemistries - and especially new formulations of existing cell chemistries - are being developed at a much quicker pace than the typical automotive development or the utility infrastructure deployment cycle. If left with current battery standards and current battery economics, a sustainable future for fully electrified vehicles remains a question mark. Several strategies could help, including battery downsizing, standardization, leasing, and battery re-use. All of these strategies require a much better understanding - and ultimately certification - of the life and health of these advanced batteries across their use, repurposing, and re-use. The successful commercialization of high accuracy battery life/health estimation - sometimes called “a battery odometer” - would help facilitate the orderly downsizing of batteries for automotive or stationary energy storage vocations; the potential repurposing of batteries for automotive vocations into stationary energy storage use for alternative energy “micro-grids” and grid stabilization and support applications; enable third-party or other non-conventional ownership, such as battery leasing and other “battery as a service” models, and; allow the ne- - t present value (NPV) of battery re-use and recycling services to be brought forward into the initial transaction as “residual value.” If a battery odometer is so valuable - What does it take to create one? Why should the stationary energy storage industry care about its development? Why is it so hard to create standards at this stage of the development of the advanced automotive and stationary storage industries? What can the stationary energy storage industry learn from the most recent efforts in battery aging prognostics from the automotive industry?