Design of an electrical downtilt base station antenna

A base station antenna is an RF component capable of critically affecting performance of a cellular system. Most mobile subscribers are located in densely populated urban areas; frequency reuse is often implemented in system design. Downtilting base station antennas is used in mobile communication to prevent co-channel interference. Antenna downtilt is done mechanically or electrically. In electrical downtilt, excitation phases of elements are changed, and therefore the main lobe of the pattern is tilted. In this paper, we introduce antenna configuration for electrical downtilt. Here a genetically optimized technique is employed. Printed circuit dipoles are employed as radiation elements