EM-based surrogate modeling and design exploiting implicit, frequency and output space mappings

We present a significant improvement to the novel implicit space mapping (ISM) concept for EM-based microwave modeling and design. ISM calibrates a suitable coarse (surrogate) model against a fine model (full-wave EM simulation) by relaxing certain coarse model preassigned parameters. Based on an explanation of residual response misalignment, our new approach further fine-tunes the surrogate by exploiting an "output space" mapping (OSM). An accurate design of an HTS filter, easily implemented in Agilent ADS, emerges after only four EM simulations using ISM and OSM with sparse frequency sweeps. For the first time also, frequency space mapping is implemented in an ISM framework.