PN-TRACE: plain network-wide broadcasting through time reservation using adaptive control for energy efficiency

In this paper, we present plain network-wide broadcasting through time reservation using adaptive control for energy efficiency (PN-TRACE), which is an energy-efficient network-wide voice broadcasting architecture for mobile ad hoc networks. PN-TRACE is created by integrating flooding, which is a simple, stateless broadcast routing protocol, and multi-hop time reservation using adaptive control for energy efficiency (MH-TRACE), which is an energy conserving MAC protocol designed to provide QoS for voice traffic. To evaluate the performance of PN-TRACE in terms of energy dissipation and QoS, we conducted simulations with a 41 node, 6-hop network using a 32 kbps voice source. We compared PN-TRACE with flooding using the IEEE 802.11 and SMAC medium access control protocols. Simulation results show that all schemes give similar QoS performances under the same settings. However, the energy dissipation of PN-TRACE is less than 18% of the energy dissipation of IEEE 802.11-based flooding due to PN-TRACE´s energy conserving design. The energy saving of SMAC-based flooding is not significant due to the limited sleep period.