Smart antenna adaptive performance in the presence of imperfect power control, multipath and shadow fading

This paper presents simulated results of the steady-state performance of an adaptive base station diversity array in a multi-cell code-division multiple access system employing direct-sequence spread spectrum signals (DS-CDMA). The multi-access signals are subjected to a nonstationary channel with additive white Gaussian noise, flat Rayleigh fading, lognormal power control error and lognormal shadow fading. The receiver consists of a recursive least-squares adaptive array feeding a conventional spread-spectrum detector, the pair of which operate in a decision-feedback mode. Histograms of effective bit-energy to noise spectral density ratio show that performance for the array/detector is close to that of the same array/detector with ideal array tap weights